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Germinal (1885), la decimotercera novela de la serie RougonMacquart que Émile Zola dedica al proletariado de la mina, narra la historia de Étienne Lantier, un maquinista en busca de trabajo, que llega a Montsou. El escritor describe, de una forma descarnada, el mundo sombrío y mísero de la mina, retratando a un grupo de personas que vive ahogado en condiciones infrahumanas y por cuyas venas el escritor hace correr el odio y el rencor, seres humanos que se extenúan trabajando en medio de una terrible frustración. Los sueños de juventud, la búsqueda del amor, todo choca contra la realidad siniestra de la mina, que se cobra vidas y apenas permite vivir a los que logran salir de su oscuro pozo. Pero cuando falta el pan, los mineros inician una huelga hace brotar en todos y cada uno lo mejor y lo peor del ser humano, y aunque su desenlace puede dar la sensación de fracaso, el título de la novela lo dice todo, y es que no se puede perder la esperanza completamente porque queda una semilla que algún día germinará. Ellos no han hecho más que sembrarla.
EMILE ZOLA
París, (1840-1902).Émile Zola defendió una literatura de corte científico que emplease la naturaleza como espejo para retratar los dramas y las pasiones humanas, en la que la subjetividad del autor desapareciera tanto como fuera posible, y que recibiría el nombre de naturalismo. Su aspiración fue realizar una novela fisiológica, que, en los últimos años, derivó hacia ideas progresistas influida por las teorías utópicas de Comte, Fourier y Proudhon.
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