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Devant le trésor de Saint-Denis ou les vitraux de Chartres, les fresques de Giotto ou les palais florentins, qui ne s'est interrogé sur les conditions sociales et les représentations mentales qui ont environné et inspiré le geste de leurs créateurs ? Cette vaste sociologie de la création artistique, chef-d'œuvre d'un grand historien doublé d'un écrivain, replace l'ensemble des hautes productions de l'Occident médiéval dans le mouvement général de la civilisation. Elle offre des clés pour pénétrer cet univers de formes complexe et fascinant. Georges Duby montre donc comment, au XIe siècle, ce que nous avons appelé la féodalité transféra des mains des rois à celles des moines le gouvernement de la production artistique ; comment, cent ans plus tard, la renaissance urbaine établit la cathédrale au foyer des innovations majeures ; comment, au XIVe siècle, l'initiative du grand art revint aux princes et s'ouvrit aux valeurs profanes. Le temps des cathédrales est ainsi encadré entre celui des monastères et celui des palais. L'influence de cet essai n'a cessé d'être déterminante aux avant-postes de la recherche historique. Auprès du grand public, son succès est considérable. Et l'on sait que s'en inspira une longue série d'irables images que la télévision continue de diff dans le monde entier.
Georges Duby
Georges Duby (París, 1919-Aix en Provece. 1996) fue uno de los más importantes historiadores ses. Especialista en la historia medieval, abordó la Edad Media desde un punto de vista siempre original, profundizó en temas sociales, artísticos y culturales y contribuyó a la modernización de la disciplina histórica. Entre sus publicaciones cabe destacar El caballero, la mujer y el cura (Taurus, 1999), Los tres órdenes o lo imaginario del feudalismo (Taurus, 1992), Historia de la vida privada (Taurus, 2005) e Historia de las mujeres (Taurus, 2001), ambas horas divididas en cinco tomos y coordinadas junto con Philippe Ariès y Michelle Perrot, respectivamente.
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